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	==References==		==References==
	~~{{commonscat}}~~
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

159.112.233.58: /* Geography */

2024-06-05T22:08:27Z

Geography

New page

{{distinguish|Republic of the Congo}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Democratic Republic of the Congo
| native_name = {{resize|80%|{{native name|fr|République démocratique du Congo}}}} {{resize|80%|{{native name|kg|Repubilika ya Kôngo ya Dimokalasi}}}} {{resize|80%|{{native name|ln|Republíki ya Kongó Demokratíki}}}} {{resize|80%|{{native name|sw|Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo}}}} {{resize|80%|{{native name|lu|Ditunga dia Kongu wa Mungalaata}}}}
| image_flag = Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg
| symbol_type = [[Emblem of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Coat of arms]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|fr|"Justice – Paix – Travail"|italics=off|nolink=on}} {{small|"Justice – Peace – Work"}}
| national_anthem = {{native name|fr|[[Debout Congolais]]|nolink=on}} {{small|"Arise, Congolese"}}
| image_map = Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_(orthographic_projection).svg
| map_caption = {{map caption |countryprefix= |location_color=dark green}}
| image_map2 =
| capital = [[Kinshasa]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|4|19|S|15|19|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[French language|French]] & [[Swahili language|Swahili]]
| national_languages = Lingala Kikongo Tshiluba
| ethnic_groups = ''See [[#Ethnic groups|Ethnic groups]] section below''
| demonym = Congolese
| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Félix Tshisekedi]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Jean-Michel Sama Lukonde]]
| legislature = [[Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Parliament]]
| upper_house = [[Senate (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Senate]]
| lower_house = [[National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|National Assembly]]
| sovereignty_type = [[History of the Democratic Republic of Congo|Formation]]
| established_event1 = [[International Association of the Congo|Colonised]]
| established_date1 = 17 November 1879
| established_event2 = [[Congo Free State]]
| established_date2 = 1 July 1885
| established_event3 = [[Belgian Congo]]
| established_date3 = 15 November 1908
| established_event4 = [[Congo Crisis|Independence]] from [[Belgium]]
| established_date4 = 30 June 1960<ref name="cia.gov">{{cite web
|author=Central Intelligence Agency
|title=Democratic Republic of Congo
|website=The World Factbook
|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency
|location=Langley, Virginia
|year=2014
|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cg.html
|accessdate=20 March 2020
|archive-date=18 May 2020
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518230118/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cg.html
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
| established_event5 = [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 142|Admitted to the]] [[United Nations]]
| established_date5 = 20 September 1960
| established_event6 = Renamed to Democratic Republic of Congo
| established_date6 = 1 August 1964
| established_event7 = [[Zaire|Republic of Zaire]]
| established_date7 = 29 October 1971
| established_event8 = [[First Congo War|Fall of Mobutu]]
| established_date8 = 17 May 1997
| established_event9 = [[Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Current constitution]]
| established_date9 = 18 February 2006
| area_km2 = 2,345,409
| area_rank = 11th
| area_sq_mi = 905,355 
| percent_water = 3.32
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_estimate_rank = 16th
| population_density_km2 = 34.83
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.22 
| population_density_rank =
| GDP_PPP = $67.988 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=58&pr1.y=15&c=636&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo
|publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2017
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $785<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_nominal = $40.415 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2017
| GDP_nominal_rank =
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $446<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| Gini = 44.4
| Gini_year = 2006
| Gini_change = increase 
| Gini_ref = <ref name=gini>{{cite web|title=GINI index|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?page=1|publisher=World Bank|accessdate=30 July 2013}}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI = 0.470 
| HDI_year = 2018
| HDI_change = increase 
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |archive-date=14 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914203906/http://hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 176th
| currency = [[Congolese franc]]
| currency_code = CDF
| time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]] and [[Central Africa Time|CAT]]
| utc_offset = {{nowrap|+1 to +2}}
| utc_offset_DST =
| time_zone_DST =
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[+243]]
| iso3166code = CD
| cctld = [[.cd]]
}}
[[File:DRC rivers.svg|thumb|250px|Principal rivers and lakes of the Democratic Republic of Congo]]
The '''Democratic Republic of the Congo''' ({{lang-fr|République démocratique du Congo}}), commonly referred to as '''DR Congo''', '''Congo-Kinshasa''' or the '''DRC''', is a country in [[central Africa]]. It was known as [[Zaïre]] from 1971 to 1997. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world. With a population of over 71 million,<ref name="cia.gov" /> the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the nineteenth most populous nation in the world, the fourth most populous nation in Africa, as well as the most populous Francophone (French-speaking) country.

DRC borders the [[Central African Republic]] and [[South Sudan]] to the north; [[Uganda]], [[Rwanda]], and [[Burundi]] in the east; [[Zambia]] and [[Angola]] to the south; the [[Republic of the Congo]], the Angolan exclave of [[Cabinda Province|Cabinda]], and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. It is separated from [[Tanzania]] by [[Lake Tanganyika]] in the east.<ref name="cia.gov" /> The country has access to the ocean through a {{convert|40|km|mi|sing=on}} stretch of Atlantic coastline at [[Muanda]] and the roughly 9 km wide mouth of the [[Congo River]] which opens into the [[Gulf of Guinea]]. It has the second-highest total Christian population in Africa.

== History ==
When the [[Belgian Congo]] became independent, its leaders fought each other. The [[Soviet Union]] and later the [[United Nations]] helped destroy the groups who wanted [[independence]] from the new country.

The [[Second Congo War]], beginning in 1998, devastated the country. It involved nine African nations and some twenty armed groups.<ref>See [http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0623/p01s04-woaf.html "Rumblings of war in heart of Africa"] by Abraham McLaughlin and Duncan Woodside ''The Christian Science Monitor'' 23 June 2004 and [http://www.mydd.com/story/2006/7/24/135222/827 "World War Three"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111103231/http://www.mydd.com/story/2006/7/24/135222/827 |date=2009-01-11 }} by Chris Bowers ''My Direct Democracy'' 24 July 2006</ref> Despite the signing of peace accords in 2003, fighting continues in the east of the country. There, the prevalence of [[rape]] and other [[sexual violence]] is described as the worst in the world.<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/08/AR2007090801194.html|title=Prevalence of Rape in E. Congo Described as Worst in World|newspaper=Washington Post|date=9 September 2007|accessdate=2 May 2010|first=Stephanie|last=McCrummen}}</ref> The war is the world's deadliest conflict since World War II, killing 5.4 million people since 1998.<ref name="The deadliest war in the world">{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=Simon|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1198921,00.html|title=The deadliest war in the world|publisher=Time.com|date=28 May 2006|accessdate=2 May 2010|archive-date=17 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617061747/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1198921,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Joe|last=Bavier|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSL2280201220080122|title=Congo War driven crisis kills 45,000 a month|work=Reuters|date=22 January 2008|accessdate=2 May 2010}}</ref> The vast majority died from conditions of [[malaria]], [[diarrhea]], [[pneumonia]] and [[malnutrition]].<ref>[http://www.rescue.org/special-reports/congo-forgotten-crisis Report on the crisis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303063531/http://www.rescue.org/special-reports/congo-forgotten-crisis |date=2012-03-03 }} Full report at [http://www.rescue.org/sites/default/files/resource-file/IRC_DRCMortalityFacts.pdf IRC mortality facts] from the International Rescue Committee</ref>

The Democratic Republic of the Congo was formerly, in chronological order, the '''[[Congo Free State]]''', '''[[Belgian Congo]]''', '''[[Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)|Congo-Léopoldville]]''', Congo-Kinshasa, and '''[[Zaire]]''' (''Zaïre'' in French).<ref name="cia.gov"/> Though it is in the Central African [[United Nations]] subregion, the nation is also economically and regionally affiliated with [[Southern Africa]] as a member of the [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC).

== Geography ==
The country is bordered by [[Angola]], the South Atlantic Ocean, the [[Republic of Congo]], the [[Central African Republic]], [[South Sudan]], [[Uganda]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Tanzania]] across [[Lake Tanganyika]], and [[Zambia]].

The capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo is [[Kinshasa]].

[[World Heritage Site]]s in the Democratic Republic of Congo include [[Virunga National Park]] (1979), [[Garamba National Park]] (1980),
[[Kahuzi-Biega National Park]] (1980), [[Salonga National Park]] (1984) and [[Okapi Wildlife Reserve]] (1996).

=== Provinces ===
{{see also|List of cities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
The country is divided into twenty six provinces. The provinces are then divided into districts. The districts are divided into territories.<ref name="cia.gov" />
{| style="background:none;"
|-
|[[File:Provinces de la République démocratique du Congo - 2005.svg|thumb|252x252px]]
|
{{columns-list|colwidth=13em|
#[[Kinshasa]]
#[[Kongo Central]]
#[[Kwango]]
#[[Kwilu Province]]
#[[Mai-Ndombe Province]]
#[[Kasaï Province]]
#[[Kasaï-Central]]
#[[Kasaï-Oriental]]
#[[Lomami Province]]
#[[Sankuru]]
#[[Maniema]]
#[[South Kivu]]
#[[North Kivu]]
#[[Ituri Province]]
#[[Haut-Uele]]
#[[Tshopo]]
#[[Bas-Uele]]
#[[Nord-Ubangi]]
#[[Mongala]]
#[[Sud-Ubangi]]
#[[Équateur]]
#[[Tshuapa]]
#[[Tanganyika Province]]
#[[Haut-Lomami]]
#[[Lualaba Province]]
#[[Haut-Katanga Province]]
}}
|}

==Related pages==
*[[DR Congo at the Olympics]]
*[[List of rivers of the Democratic Republic of the Congo]]

==References==
{{commonscat}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Africa}}

[[Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo| ]]
[[Category:French-speaking countries|Congo, Democratic Republic]]
[[Category:Least developed countries]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Africa]]

Democratic Republic of the Congo - Revision history

Maintenance script: Removed sister project templates (Wikibase not installed)

159.112.233.58: /* Geography */