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{{infobox ethnic group
|group = Afro-French
|image= [[Image:Thierry Henry 2008.jpg|73px]][[Image:Christiane Taubira - Royal & Zapatero's meeting in Toulouse for the 2007 French presidential election 0529 2007-04-19.jpg|72px]][[Image:Mickael Pietrus.jpg|73px]]<br/>[[Image:Jo-Wilfried Tsonga.jpg|77px]][[Image:Rama Yade 2007 05 23 n1.jpg|76px]][[Image:Chevalier de Saint Georges.jpg|76px]]
|caption = [[Thierry Henry]], [[Christiane Taubira]], [[Michael Pietrus]], [[Jo-Wilfried Tsonga]], [[Rama Yade]], [[Chevalier de Saint-Georges]]
|poptime = Estimates vary from 1.5 - 5 million; <br> it is illegal for the French State to collect data on ethnicity and race.
|popplace = [[Paris]], [[Lyon]], [[Marseille]], [[Toulouse]], [[Bordeaux]], [[Lille]], [[Nantes]], [[Strasbourg]], [[Overseas departments and territories of France]]
|langs = Common [[French language|French]] with various native languages such as [[African languages]], [[French Creoles]] and others. Those from [[Cape Verde]] speak [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] and [[Cape Verdean Creole|Kriolu]].
|religions = [[Christianity]], [[Islam]], [[Irreligion|irreligious]]
}}

'''French Afrikans''', '''French Blacks''' or '''Blacks in France''' (Noirs en France) are [[French people|French]] citizens or residents who are of [[Black people|Black]] [[Afrika]]n or [[Caribbean]] ancestry.

==Population statistics==
Although it is illegal for the French state to collect data on ethnicity and race, a law with its origins in the [[French Revolution|1789 revolution]] and reaffirmed in the [[French Constitution|constitution of 1958]],<ref name="Oppenheimer">{{cite journal|last=Oppenheimer|first=David B.|year=2008|title=Why France needs to collect data on racial identity...in a French way|journal=Hastings International and Comparative Law Review|volume=31|issue=2|pages=735–752|url=http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1236362}}</ref> various population estimates exist. One source states that there are 1.5 million black people in [[France]],<ref name="Tagliabue">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/21/world/europe/21iht-france.html?_r=1|title=French blacks skeptical of race neutrality|last=Tagliabue|first=John|date=2005-09-21|work=New York Times|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref> while another states 1.865 million, equivalent to just under 4 per cent of the population.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6317799.stm|title=First French racism poll released|date=2007-01-31|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref> An article in the ''[[New York Times]]'' stated that estimates vary between 3 million and 5 million.<ref name="Kimmelman">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/17/arts/17abroad.html|title=For blacks in France, Obama's rise is reason to rejoice, and to hope|last=Kimmelman|first=Michael|date=2008-06-17|work=New York Times|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref> It is estimated that four out of five black people in France are of African immigrant origin, with the remainder being chiefly of Caribbean ancestry.<ref name="Bennhold">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/02/world/europe/02iht-anchor.2367939.html?_r=1|title=Black anchor fills top spot on French TV|last=Bennhold|first=Katrin|date=2006-08-03|work=International Herald Tribune|page=2|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref><ref name="France">{{cite web|title=Franceblack|url=http://www.itsabouttimebpp.com/Announcements/Frances_Forgotten_People.html|accessdate=2010-04-06}}</ref>

Some organizations, such as the [[Representative Council of France's Black Associations]] ({{lang-fr|Conseil représentatif des associations noires de France}}, CRAN), have argued in favour of the introduction of data collection on minority groups but this has been resisted by other organizations and ruling politicians,<ref name="Louis-Georges">{{cite journal|last=Louis-Georges|first=Tin|year=2008|title=Who is afraid of Blacks in France? The Black question: The name taboo, the number taboo|journal=French Politics, Culture & Society|volume=26|issue=1|pages=32–44|doi=10.3167/fpcs.2008.260103}}</ref><ref name="IHT">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/31/world/europe/31iht-bias.4421757.html|title=Black residents of France say they are discriminated against|date=2007-01-31|work=International Herald Tribune|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref> often on the grounds that collecting such statistics goes against France's secular principles and harks back to [[Vichy France|Vichy]]-era [[identity documents]].<ref name="Economist">{{cite journal|date=2009-03-28|title=France's ethnic minorities: To count or not to count|journal=The Economist|volume=390|issue=8624|page=62|url=http://www.economist.com/world/europe/displayStory.cfm?story_id=E1_TPPSSPNQ}}</ref> During the [[French presidential election, 2007|2007 presidential election]], however, [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] was polled on the issue and stated that he favoured the collection of data on ethnicity.<ref name="Chrisafis">{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/feb/24/france.population|title=French presidential candidates divided over race census|last=Chrisafis|first=Angelique|date=2007-02-24|work=The Guardian|page=25|accessdate=2009-10-27}}</ref> Part of a parliamentary bill which would have permitted the collection of data for the purpose of measuring discrimination was rejected by the [[Conseil Constitutionnel]] in November 2007.<ref name="Oppenheimer"/>

== Notable people ==

=== In French politics ===

==== Afro-French members of the French Parliament or Government from Overseas France ====
There have been dozens of Afro-Caribbean or Afro-French MPs representing overseas electoral districts at the French National Assembly or at the French Senate, and several government members.

[[Jean-Baptiste Belley]] (1746-1805) was the first French Black deputy during the French revolution. He represented the Northern department of the French colony of [[Saint-Domingue]] at the [[National Convention]] (1792-1795), then at the [[Council of Five Hundred]] (1795-1799).

[[Blaise Diagne]] became in 1914 the first Black African member of the French national Assembly, and in 1931 the first Black undersecretary in a French government.

[[Christiane Taubira]], deputy from French Guyana, was the first Black candidate to a French presidential election, in 2002. In 2012, she became the Justice Minister.

==== Afro-French people elected in Metropolitan France ====
* [[Élie Bloncourt]] ([[:fr:Élie Bloncourt|fr]]) (1896-1978), first Black metropolitan deputy (1936-1940, 1945-1947), first Black metropolitan [[General councils (France)|general councillor]] (1934-1940, 1945-1951)<ref>Pierre-Yves Lambert, “[http://suffrage-universel.be/wiki/index.php?title=Conseillers_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux_d%27origine_non-europ%C3%A9enne Conseillers généraux d'origine non-européenne]”, ''Suffrage Universel''</ref>
* [[Ernest Chénière]] ([[:fr:Ernest Chénière|fr]])(1945-), former deputy for [[Oise]] (1993-1997)
* [[Raphaël Élizé]] ([[:fr:Raphaël Élizé|fr]])(1891-1945), first Black metropolitan mayor (1929-1940)<ref>Pierre-Yves Lambert, “[http://suffrage-universel.be/wiki/index.php?title=Maires_m%C3%A9tropolitains_d%27origine_non-europ%C3%A9enne Maires métropolitains d'origine non-européenne]”, ''Suffrage Universel''</ref>
* [[Gaston Monnerville]] (1897-1991), first Black metropolitan senator (1946-1974), president of the French Senate (1947-1968), mayor, president of [[Lot (department)|Lot]]'s [[General councils (France)|general council]]
* [[George Pau-Langevin]], Paris deputy (2007-2012), junior minister (2012-)
* [[Arthur Richards (French politician)|Arthur Richards]] ([[:fr:Arthur Richards|fr]])(1890-1972), [[General councils (France)|general councillor]] in [[Bordeaux]] (1951-1964), deputy for [[Gironde]] (1958-1967)
* [[Rama Yade]], former minister
* [[Kofi Yamgnane]], former minister, former MP, former mayor, former [[General councils (France)|general councillor]] in Brittany

=== In sport ===
{{Div col|2}}
* [[Christine Arron]], track and field sprint athlete
* [[Marcel Desailly]], footballer
* [[Laura Flessel-Colovic|Laura Flessel]], fencer
* [[Thierry Henry]], footballer
* [[Steve Mandanda]], footballer
* [[Gaël Monfils]], tennis player
* [[Yannick Noah]], tennis player
* [[Tony Parker]], basketball player
* [[Mickaël Piétrus]], basketball player
* [[Teddy Riner]], judoka
* [[Lilian Thuram]], footballer
* [[Jo-Wilfried Tsonga]], tennis player
* [[Patrick Vieira]], footballer
{{Div col end}}

=== In Entertainment and Media ===

* [[Mouss Diouf]], actor
* [[Miss Dominique]], singer
* [[Fabe (French rapper)|Fabe]], rapper
* Hélène and Célia Faussart ([[Les Nubians]]), singing duo
* [[Hubert Kounde]], actor
* [[Noémie Lenoir]], model
* [[Lord Kossity]], [[Dancehall]] musician
* [[Chloé Mortaud]], [[Miss France]] 2009
* [[Fab Morvan]], model and singer, half of [[Milli Vanilli]]
* [[Audrey Pulvar]], newscaster and journalist
* [[Firmine Richard]], actress
* [[Sonia Rolland]], actress, [[Miss France]] 2000
* [[Harry Roselmack]], newscaster
* [[Omar Sy]], actor
* [[Imany]], singer

==See also==
* [[African immigration to France]]
* [[Cape Verdean French]]
* [[Haitians in France]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Caribbean diaspora]]
[[Category:French people of Afrikan descent]]
[[Category:Peoples of the African diaspora]]

French Afrikans - Revision history

Djehuti: 1 revision imported