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	{{Africa}}		{{Africa}}
	~~{{authority control}}~~

	[[Category:Mauritania\| ]]		[[Category:Mauritania\| ]]
	[[Category:Least developed countries]]		[[Category:Least developed countries]]

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2024-06-13T22:17:56Z

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{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Islamic Republic of Mauritania
| common_name = Mauritania
| native_name = {{ubl|{{native name|ar|الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية|italics=off}}<br />{{small|{{transl|ar|al-Jumhūrīyah al-Islāmīyah al-Mūrītānīyah}}}}|{{native name|fr|République islamique de Mauritanie|nbsp=omit}}}}
| image_flag = Flag of Mauritania.svg
| image_coat = File:Seal of Mauritania (2018).svg
| symbol_type = Seal
| national_motto = {{lang|ar|شرف، إخاء، عدل}}<br />"Honour, Fraternity, Justice"
| national_anthem = {{lang|ar|النشيد الوطني الموريتاني}}<br />"[[National anthem of Mauritania|Land of the Proud, Guided by Noblemen]]"
| image_map = Mauritania (orthographic projection).svg
| map_caption = Location of Mauritania (dark green) in western Africa
| capital = [[Nouakchott]]
| largest_city = capital
| coordinates = {{Coord|18|09|N|15|58|W|type:city}}
| official_languages = [[Arabic]]
| regional_languages = [[Pulaar language|Pulaar]], [[Soninke language|Soninke]], [[Wolof language|Wolof]], Zenaga
| national_languages = [[French language|French]]
| languages = [[English language|English]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
| ethnic_groups = {{ublist|[[Haratin]] 40%|[[Arab-Berber]] 30%| [[Halpulaar]], [[Fulani]], [[Mande peoples|Mande]], and [[Wolof people|Wolof]] 30%}}
| demonym = [[Demographics of Mauritania|Mauritanian]]
| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[Islamic republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[List of heads of state of Mauritania|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Mohamed Ould Ghazouani]]
| leader_title2 = [[List of heads of government of Mauritania|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Mohammed Ould Bilal]]
| leader_title3 = [[List of Presidents of the National Assembly of Mauritania|President of the National Assembly]]
| leader_name3 = Cheikh Ahmed Baye<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-45793286|title=Ould Baya élu président du parlement mauritanien|date=9 October 2018|access-date=4 May 2019|newspaper=BBC News Afrique|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414073903/https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-45793286|archive-date=14 April 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
| legislature = [[National Assembly (Mauritania)|National Assembly]]
| sovereignty_type = [[Independence]]
| established_event1 = Republic established
| established_date1 = 28 November 1958
| established_event2 = Independence from [[French colonial empire|France]]
| established_date2 = 28 November 1960
| established_event3 = Current constitution
| established_date3 = 12 July 1991
| area_km2 = 1030000
| area_footnote = <ref name=census/>
| area_rank = 28th
| area_sq_mi =
| percent_water = 0.03
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Mauritania}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_census = 3,537,368<ref name=census>{{cite report |date=July 2015 |title=Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat (RGPH) 2013 |language=fr |chapter=1: Répartition spatiale de la population |chapter-url=http://www.ons.mr/images/rgph2013/Chapitres_RGPH_Fr/Chapitre01_R%C3%A9partition_spatiale_fr.pdf |page=v |publisher=National Statistical Office of Mauritania |access-date=20 December 2015 }}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_census_year = 2013
| population_density_km2 = 3.4
| population_density_rank =
| GDP_PPP = $18.117 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=83&pr.y=7&sy=2018&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=682&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Mauritania |publisher=International Monetary Fund |access-date=7 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143908/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=83&pr.y=7&sy=2018&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=682&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |archive-date=22 May 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_rank = 134th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,563<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 140th
| GDP_nominal = $5.200 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_rank = 154th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,309<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 149th
| Gini = 32.6 
| Gini_year = 2014
| Gini_change = decrease
| Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient |publisher=CIA World Factbook |access-date=16 July 2021}}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI = 0.546 
| HDI_year = 2019
| HDI_change = increase 
| HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 157th
| currency = [[Mauritanian ouguiya|Ouguiya]]
| currency_code = MRU
| utc_offset = {{sp}}
| time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[+222]]
| cctld = [[.mr]]
| footnote_a = According to Article 6 of the Constitution: "The national languages are Arabic, [[Pulaar language|Pulaar]], [[Soninke language|Soninke]], and [[Wolof language|Wolof]]; the official language is Arabic."
| religion = [[Islam]] (''[[Sunni]]'')
}}
'''Mauritania''' is a [[country]] in northwest [[Africa]]. The capital city, which is also the biggest city in the country, is [[Nouakchott]]. It is on the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] coast. Its president is General Mohamed Ould Ghazouani.

At 1,030,700 [[square kilometre|km²]] (397,929 [[square miles|mi²]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=www.cia.gov|access-date=2009-06-07|archive-date=2014-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209041128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mauritania is the world's 29th-largest country (after [[Bolivia]]). It is similar in size to [[Egypt]]. The land is flat in most places.

== Demographics ==

===Religion===
{{Bar box
|title=Mauritania Religions
|titlebar=#ddd
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|99.9}}
{{Bar percent|[[Christianity]]|blue|0.1}}
}}
Mauritania is almost 100% [[Muslims|Muslim]], most of whom are [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]. People can be [[killed]] in Mauritania for being an [[atheist]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|title=Atheists around world suffer persecution, discrimination: report|work=Reuters|last=Evans|first=Robert|access-date=7 January 2015|date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002160125/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/10/us-religion-atheists-idUSBRE8B900520121210|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> On 27 April 2018, The National Assembly passed a law that allows for the [[death penalty]] for certain [[apostasy]]-related [[crime]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patheos.com/blogs/friendlyatheist/2018/05/17/mauritania-passes-law-mandating-death-penalty-for-blasphemy/|title=Mauritania Passes Law Mandating Death Penalty for "Blasphemy"|work=Patheos|last=Mehta|first=Hemant|access-date=17 May 2018|date=17 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517203840/http://www.patheos.com/blogs/friendlyatheist/2018/05/17/mauritania-passes-law-mandating-death-penalty-for-blasphemy/|archive-date=17 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Language ==

=== Afro-Asiatic languages ===
[[Modern Standard Arabic]] is the official language of Mauritania. [[Hassānīya language|Hassaniya]] is the Arabic dialect that is widely spoken throughout the country. It is mostly used in daily life.

=== Berber languages ===
There are also some Berber languages that are spoken in Mauritania. In de south Zenaga is spoken and close to the border with Mali in the southeast Tamasheq (a variety of [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]]) is spoken. Zenaga is only spoken by a few hundred people and seems to be close to disappearance.<ref>{{Cite web|title=L'arabisation en marche de la Mauritanie: quand une politique d'aménagement linguistique tenace est en passe de réussir (?).|url=http://www.unice.fr/ILF-CNRS/ofcaf/15/queffelec.html|access-date=2022-04-13|website=www.unice.fr}}</ref>

=== Foreign languages ===
As Mauritania is a former colony of France, it is now part of the Francophonie. [[French language|French]] is spoken including African French and Maghreb French.

=== Niger-Congo languages ===
There are several Niger-Congo languages that are spoken in Mauritania. These are Wolof, Soninke, Pulaar and Bambara.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-08-01|title=What Languages Are Spoken in Mauritania?|url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-languages-are-spoken-in-mauritania.html|access-date=2022-04-13|website=WorldAtlas|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Economy ==
[[File:Mauritania Product Exports (2019).svg|thumb|right|Mauritania exports, 2019]]

Mauritania is rich in natural resources but has a low GDP.<ref name="Dept.2015">{{cite book|author=International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.|title=Islamic Republic of Mauritania: Selected Issues Paper|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ohP5BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|year=2015|publisher=International Monetary Fund|isbn=978-1-4843-3657-1|pages=19–22|access-date=7 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200522143908/https://books.google.com/books?id=ohP5BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|archive-date=22 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Many people living in Mauritania depend on farming and livestock. Mauritania has a large deposit of iron ore, which is almost half of the country's total exports.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Other websites==

* {{commonscat-inline}}

{{Africa}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Mauritania| ]]
[[Category:Least developed countries]]
[[Category:Members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]]
[[Category:North African countries]]

{{geo-stub}}

Mauritania - Revision history

Maintenance script: Removed {{Authority control}} template (Wikibase not installed)

122.56.168.69: Grammer